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Roman Bordun (The Diviners) beim 62. DOK Leipzig
Interview: Im Gespräch mit dem ukrainischen Filmemacher Roman Bordun erfuhren wir mehr über ein ursprüngliches Videotagebuch, das nun als Dokumentarfilm „The Diviners“ auf zahlreichen Festivals läuft – auf dem 62. DOK Leipzig feierte er seine Internationale Premiere. Außerdem erzählt er mehr über den Dreh selbst, über die Ukraine als Filmland und wie er die Berge an Material in einem Dokumentarfilm verhandelt hat.
The original english language interview is also available.
Wie hat alles angefangen? Ursprünglich war „The Diviners“ nicht als Dokumentation gedacht, richtig?
Es begann damit, dass ich seit zehn Jahren dokumentarisch fotografiere. In den letzten Jahren habe ich mich dazu entschieden, öfter Videos zu machen, da nicht alles in einem Bilderrahmen platziert werden kann. Zu dieser Zeit war ich viel in der Ukraine unterwegs, so dass ich ausreichend Material gesammelt hatte, um einen Film in voller Länge zu machen. Er erwies sich sofort als autobiografisch, da das Archiv auf einem Videotagebuch aufbaut.
Warum hast Du Dich für den Titel entschieden?
Dein Film führt die Zuschauer nach Odessa, Lwiw und Kiew – wie unterschiedlich sind die Städte – was macht für Dich jede dieser Städte aus.
Diese ukrainischen Städte sind aufgrund ihrer Ungepflegtheit einander recht ähnlich. Obwohl sie historisch gesehen in ihrer Mentalität sehr unterschiedlich sind. Ich hatte keinen speziellen Grund, gerade sie zu zeigen, sondern es war eher ein Zufall, weil ich oft dort war. Es ist, als ob man in verschiedenen Realitäten innerhalb desselben Landes ist.
Wie fühlt es sich an mit einer Kamera bewaffnet durch die Straßen zu laufen? Wie reagieren Menschen darauf? Hast Du sie meistens vorher angesprochen?
Hast Du auch mal heimlich gefilmt?
Ich drehe oft versteckt. Ich habe eine Taschenkamera von Sony. Ich lege sie unter mein Handy und tue so, als würde ich auf mein Handy schauen, so dass die Leute auf der Straße nicht wirklich bemerken, dass sie gefilmt werden.
Du hast bestimmt unglaublich viel Material gesammelt – wie viel war es? Und kannst Du mir dann mehr zum endgültigen Schnitt erzählen.
Es wäre interessant für die Menschen, alle ihre Videos, die sie ihr ganzes Leben lang machen, aufzubewahren. Und dann, in einem Moment, setzten sie sich hin und drehten ihren eigenen Film, wie ich es tat. Ein bisschen Volkskino. Es ist immer interessant zu beobachten. Wie jemanden heimlich zu beobachten.
Gab es Sachen / Ereignisse, die Du auf keinen Fall einem größeren Publikum zeigen wolltest?
Was steckt noch im Film?
Im Film geht es in der Regel um Geschlechterbeziehungen. Zu Beginn des Films sehen wir alleinstehende Frauen, brutal, eine von ihnen heiratet in der U-Bahn, begleitet ihren Mann, geht über die Straße, wird alt. Das Ende des Films ist, dass der Erwachsene teilweise ein Kind ist. Es gibt Filmmaterial, wo das Kind springt, Spiele spielt, sie sind gemischt mit dem, wie ein Erwachsener auf die Bälle springt, betrunken im Regen sitzt und Angst vor dem Anblick seiner Frau hat – als Mutter wahrgenommen wird. Dann sammelt er grünes Gras in einem Paket mit Dollar (ein Symbol für das Einkommen ihres Mannes), betrunken sitzt sie auf der Straße, dann im hohen Alter – in einem Kino, das einen Film zeigt, in dem eine Szene mit Frauenkritik zu sehen ist.
Jetzt noch eine politische Frage: Wie siehst Du die Ukraine in Bezug auf die Welt und welchen Stellenwert nimmt dabei das Filmemachen ein?
Kannst Du mir zum Schluss noch mehr von Dir erzählen? Hast Du Lust an Dokumentationen entdeckt und werden wir weitere Filme von Dir zu gesicht bekommen?
Die Fragen stellte Doreen Matthei
Übersetzung von Michael Kaltenecker
Lies auch die Rezension des Dokumentarfilms „The Diviners“
Interview: In our interview with Ukrainian filmmaker Roman Bordun, we learned more about his original video diary that is now running at festivals as the documentary film “The Diviners” – at the 62nd DOK Leipzig he celebrated his International Premiere. He also tells us more about the shooting itself, Ukraine as a film country and how he transformed the huge amount of material into his documentary film.
How did it all start? Originally “The Diviners” wasn’t meant to be a documentary, right?
It began with the fact that I have been doing documentary photography for 10 years, and in recent years I have decided to shoot video more often, since not everything can be placed in a photo frame. At that time I was traveling a lot in Ukraine, so enough material was collected to make a full-length movie. It immediately turned out to be autobiographical, since the archive is built on a video diary.
Why did you choose the title?
It’s hard to give the people in this movie an objective characterization. They are not evil, not kind, often naive and sincere. There is no violence or aggression here. For example, the teenagers who fight at night Odessa are rather playing in public. These people are not like angels in heaven but here on earth in this swamp and dirt. Therefore, the word “The Diviners” is their best characterization and movie title.
Your film takes viewers to Odessa, Lwiw and Kyjiw. How different are these cities – what makes each of these cities different for you?
These Ukrainian cities are similar to each other due to their unkemptness. Although historically, the three cities are very different in their mentality. I had no purpose in showing them, but rather it’s coincidence because I went there often. It’s like staying in different realities within the same country.
How does it feel to walk through the streets armed with a camera? How do people react? Have you usually spoken to them before?
Mostly people did not notice that I was shooting them, although I do not do it too secretly. In our country, people are often afraid that they are being watched, or that someone is looking for compromising evidence on them and want to put them in jail. Television and news on the Internet can be intimidating. I think this is still such a Soviet phobia, so the reaction can be aggressive in accordance. In Ukraine, there are no laws that would forbid me to do this on the street, unlike the European Union, where there are regulations such as General Data Protection Regulation, GDPR.
Have you ever filmed secretly?
I often shoot in a hidden way. I have a pocket camera from Sony. I put it under my phone and pretend that I’m looking to my phone, so people on the street do not really notice that they are being filmed.
You must have collected an incredible amount of material – how much was it? And can you tell me more about the edit?
For two years I have collected about 100 hours of video, where I recorded everything that is happening around me. And at one point I sat down and started looking at the footage and asking questions: what are all these videos about, what do they mean, how to combine them? How to make a movie from amateur video? I tried to put everything into folders: “animals”, “people on the street”, “people indoors”, “objects”, filtering them in chronological order. Therefore, I decided to maintain this order: to start the film in the summer and finish it in the spring. I spent about three months on one video analysis, and an additional month on editing the movie. I made the whole movie myself, from the filming to the post-production. All by myself, except for translating the subtitles.
It would be interesting for people to keep all their videos that they make throughout their lives. And then at one moment they would sit down and make their own movie, as I did. Some folk cinema. It is always interesting to watch. Like peeping at someone.
Were there things or events you didn’t want to show to a larger audience?
I am a supporter of filming everything and showing everything without censorship or any kind of moral prejudice. I did not give to the cinema only that which did not fit the plot or was boring. Basically, it is better to be guided by the principle: interesting / uninteresting. Then something can be not trivial, this applies not only to cinema.
Can you tell me more about your dedication at the end?
What is meant by the “end” of the movie? The film is generally about gender relationships. At the beginning of the movie we see single women, brutal, one of them gets married in the subway, accompanies her husband, crosses the street, becomes old. The end of the movie is that the adult is partly a child. There footage where the child jumps, plays games, they are mixed with how an adult jumps on the balls, sits drunk in the rain and is afraid of the sight of his wife – perceives her as a mother. Then he collects green grass in a package with dollars (a symbol of her husband’s earnings), drunkenly sits at the road, then in old age – in a movie theater watching a movie where the scene of criticism of women. It ends with the fact that a person collects land (performance on the street) and video on TV, where a woman eats this land collected by a person (video performance).
Now a political question: How do you see the Ukraine in relation to the world and how important is filmmaking?
World cinema was born on the territory of Ukraine. It was here, in Odessa and Kiev, that the documentary “Man with a Movie Camera” by Dzyga Vertov was filmed. Now, especially after the dignity revolution in 2013, cinema is reviving. No major filmfestival in the world takes place without Ukraine’s participation in the main competition. Many films about the war with Russia. The world must see this problem, because we got territorial integrity and security from world in exchange for the disposal of nuclear weapons that we had before 1994. It was an exemplary gesture. However, at present, we are one on one with the strongest armies in the world, protecting Eastern Europe from the invaders, whose purpose is to restore the borders of the former Soviet camp. This is what modern Ukrainian cinema is trying to convey.
Can you tell me more about yourself in the end? Have you discovered a desire for documentaries and will we get more films from you?
I’m interested in a metaphorical movie with signs and symbols. I do not pursue the quality of the picture so that it is not too literal. I’m interested in conveying the essence to the viewer without hiding behind musical overlays or dramatic interruptions in the movies. The movie should be easy to read, but at the same time multi-layered, it may contain recognizable cliches, kitsch, but everything should be framed by taste and subtle irony, where it is not clear where the truth is and where the fiction. Therefore, I want to develop in this direction.
Questions asked by Doreen Matthei
Read on the german review of the documentary „The Diviners“