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The original english language interview is also available.
Wie hat das Projekt begonnen – was brachte euch zu diesem Thema?
Wir haben eine ungarische Regenbogenfamilie in Norwegen getroffen, sie haben uns viel über ihre Kämpfe bei der Adoption ihres Sohnes erzählt und wie sie alle im Ausland gelandet sind. Eltern zu werden ist schon eine solche Herausforderung, aber wenn man sich zusätzlichen Hindernissen stellen muss, nur weil man nicht in das ‚ideale‘ Familienmuster seines Heimatlandes passt, ist das einfach absurd. Also wollten wir die Geschichte eines Paares erzählen, das durch einen ähnlichen Prozess der Lebensveränderung geht, und so haben wir Virág und Nóra gefunden.
Wie habt ihr die beiden Frauen gefunden? Wie offen waren sie dem Filmprojekt gegenüber?
Sári: Wir waren sehr aufgeregt, weil sie uns erzählten, dass sie planen, ein Buch für ihr zukünftiges Kind zu schreiben: die Geschichte, wie sie in ihre Familie kam. Lange Zeit sollte diese Geschichte den Rahmen für unseren Film bilden, aber am Ende wurde der ganze Film selbst zu dieser Geschichte.
Wie würdet ihr die Situation im Allgemeinen für LGBTQ+-Community in Ungarn beschreiben? Ist es für gleichgeschlechtliche Paare immer schwierig ein Kind zu adoptieren?
Hattet ihr im Vorfeld geplant – wie lange ihr die beiden begleitet wolltet? Wie lange habt ihr gedreht und wie häufig habt ihr sie besucht. Gab es auch Situationen, wo sie das Drehen abgelehnt haben?
Sári: Am Anfang dachten wir, dass die Wartezeit der Fokus unseres Films sein wird und der Film damit endet, dass ihr Kind bei ihrer Familie ankommt. Aber als ihnen ein Kind angeboten wurde, fanden wir es wirklich interessant und wichtig, zu zeigen, wie sie zu einer Familie werden. Also besprachen wir uns mit Virag und Nora und beschlossen, noch ein Jahr lang zu filmen, da Kinderpsychologen sagen, dass es für eine Adoptivfamilie etwa ein Jahr dauert, bis sie eine Familie wird. Während dieses Jahres entschieden sich Virag und Nóra, aus Ungarn wegzuziehen, was die Dreharbeiten beendete, als sie das Land verließen.
Asia: Am Ende haben wir drei Jahre lang gefilmt. Virág und Nóra waren sehr strikt in ihrer Entscheidung, dass wir nicht filmen können, wenn sie mit dem Jugendamt zu tun haben. Sie hatten Angst, dass die Mitarbeiter sich nicht trauen würden, ihnen vor der Kamera zu helfen, was sie sonst tun. Außerdem gibt es einen sehr intimen und zerbrechlichen Monat, nachdem ein Kind mit seinen neuen Eltern nach Hause geht. Es ist wichtig, dass in dieser ersten Zeit niemand anderes im Haus ist, nur sie selbst, nicht einmal Verwandte. Natürlich wollten wir auch diese Periode respektieren, also baten wir Nóra, sich selbst zu filmen. Viele Aufnahmen von ihr landeten schließlich im Film aus dieser frühen Periode.
Besonders interessant fand ich das Problem, dass eine der Mütter mehr als Mutter wahrgenommen wurde, als die andere. Ist das bei euren Recherchen häufiger begegnet? Denkt ihr es ist gesellschaftlich bedingt?
Sári: Es ist auch interessant, weil Virag rechtlich gesehen die Mutter ihrer Tochter ist. Sie trägt ihren Namen und wenn sie zum Beispiel ins Krankenhaus kommt, kann Nora nichts machen, egal ob sie auch ihr Elternteil ist. Das gab Nora eine zusätzliche Portion Frustration, denke ich, und machte es noch schwieriger für sie, ihre eigene Elternrolle in der Familie zu finden. Dies wurde mit ihrem Umzug ins Ausland gelöst, sie sind jetzt offiziell verheiratet und weil sie unter einer liberaleren Regierung leben, ist dieses Problem nicht mehr existent.
Hat die Familie den Film schon gesehen – wie geht es ihnen jetzt? Habt ihr weiterhin Kontakt?
Und zum ‚Heimkehr‘-Jubiläum ihrer Tochter haben sie ihn ihr noch einmal vorgeführt. Wir hoffen wirklich, dass es zu einer jährlichen Gewohnheit wird.
Wird es eine Ausstrahlung in Ungarn geben?
Die ungarische Premiere verzögert sich aufgrund von Covid, wir würden wirklich gerne physische Vorführungen haben. Ab März werden HBO und HBO GO den Film zeigen.
Könnt ihr am Schluss noch ein bisschen mehr von euch erzählen – wie kamt ihr als Filmteam zusammen und wie habt ihr die Arbeit beim Drehen aufgeteilt?
Sári: Natürlich war die Situation der beiden Regisseure manchmal herausfordernd, aber meistens war sie sehr praktisch und hat uns sehr geholfen. Vor allem bei einem Film, an dem wir über drei Jahre lang ohne jegliche Finanzierung gearbeitet haben. Wir mussten uns wirklich gegenseitig unterstützen, und wenn eine von uns am Boden war, hat die andere sie immer wieder hochgezogen. Außerdem war es wirklich ideal, dass wir eine kleine, zwei Frauen umfassende Crew sind. Das hat uns geholfen, die ganz alltäglichen Momente von Virags und Noras Familie zu filmen.
Sind bereits neue Projekte geplant – gemeinsam oder getrennt?
Sári: Ich arbeite an einem persönlichen Film, in dem ich in einer Doppelrolle bin, sowohl als Regisseurin als auch als Figur. Es geht um meine Familie: meinen Bruder, meinen Vater, meinen Cousin und mich. Seit dem Tod meiner Mutter fühlte ich mich verpflichtet, ihre Rolle in der Familie zu erfüllen, aber das muss ich jetzt ändern. Der Film verfolgt, wie wir alle damit umgehen.
Ich mache auch mein Doktoratsstudium, in dem ich erforsche, wie partizipative Videos unsere sozialen Beziehungen beeinflussen können – mit Fokus auf unterprivilegierte Kinder und Jugendliche.
Die Fragen stellte Doreen Matthei
Übersetzung von Michael Kaltenecker
Lies auch die Rezension des Films „Her Mothers“
Interview: In our conversation with the two Hungarian filmmakers Asia Dér and Sara Haragonics, we were able to learn more about their documentary “Her Mothers” (OT: “Anyáim története”), which was screened at the 31st Lesbian Gay Film Days Hamburg, among others. How they came to their film project, how they met the two mothers and what had to be considered and important during the realization.
How did the project start – what brought you to this topic?
We met a Hungarian rainbow family in Norway, they told us a lot about their struggles adopting their son and how they all ended up living abroad. To become a parent is already such a challenge, but if one has to face extra obstacles just because he or she doesn’t fit into the “ideal” family pattern of their homeland is just absurd. So we wanted to tell a story of a couple who goes through a similar life changing process, that is how we found Virág and Nóra.
How did you find the two women? How open were they to the film project?
Asia: We met Nóra and Virág through a friend, but we both knew Virág before. We were very honest with them, told them, that it will be a long filming process, and we are going to try to be around them in the most intimate moments of their lives. They had concerns at the beginning, but both wanted to share their story first to encourage LMBTQ citizens of Hungary to go on trying to establish a family through adoption, later on their motivation for filming became the desire to show their daughter the story of them becoming a loving family.
Sári: We were very excited because they told us that they are planning to write a book for their future child: the story of how she arrived into their family. For quite a long time this story was going to be the frame of our film, but at the end the whole film became the very same story itself.
How would you describe the situation in general for LGBTQ+ community in Hungary? Is it always difficult for same-sex couples to adopt a child?
Adoption is a very difficult process itself. It is more than normal to wait for three years if you want a healthy baby. We were told that gay people are more open to adopt older, non-white kids or a child with difficulties. Same sex couples can’t adopt in Hungary, if LMBTQ people want a child they have to apply as single parents. There are no questions about sexual interests obviously. So there are two ways: you will lie throughout the long, exhausting, mentally challenging process or you admit openly to the administrator that you are gay. Virág and Nóra did the latter and met very caring, open hearted employees at the Child Protection Services. One of them even said that their daughter is so much in need for love, that she actually has to have two mothers. This was very reassuring to see for us, that within this wrong system the people know what’s good for the children. Unfortunately since 2020 it’s not up to the people’s good heart to decide anymore. The new law says that single parents can’t adopt in Hungary anymore, and the kids who are unwanted by all the married couples go abroad. All this, just to avoid the possibility that gay people get a child. In 2015, when we started filming, we had no idea that this was going to happen. We wouldn’t be able to make this film in 2020, and Nóra and Virág wouldn’t be able to become a family in Hungary anymore.
Did you plan in advance how long you wanted to accompany them? How long did you film and how often did you visit them? Were there also situations where they refused to film?
Sári: At the beginning we thought that the waiting period will be the focus of our film and the film will end with their child arriving to their family. But when they were offered a child, we found it really interesting and important to show how they are becoming a family. So we discussed with Virag and Nora and decided to film for another year since child psychologists say that for an adoptive family it takes about a year to become a family. Throughout that year Virag and Nóra decided to move away from Hungary, which put an end to the filming period: as to when they left the country.
Asia: We ended up filming for 3 years. Virág and Nóra were very strict about their decision that we cannot film when they are dealing with the child protection services. They were afraid that the coworkers wouldn’t dare to help them in front of the camera, which they did otherwise. Also there is a very intimate and fragile month after a child goes home with her new parents. It’s important that in this first period there is no one else in the house, only them, not even relatives. Obviously we were also respecting this period, so we asked Nóra to film herself. Many shots by her ended up in the film eventually from this early period.
I found it particularly interesting that one of the mothers was perceived more as a mother than the other. Did you encounter this more often in your research? Do you think it is societal?
Asia: There is an expression: “the other mother”. There are many interesting debates and books about this issue. What we learned is that this is quite common if one of the mothers gives births, but apparently the same can happen with adoption. I’m looking forward to our screening in rainbow family communities, how other families experience this. One thing I’m quite sure of, that these conservative roles in a family do have effects on us all, not only in LMBTQ families, and we have to be more flexible about them, otherwise there will be many mothers, fathers, kids who feel that they just don’t fit in.
Sári: It’s also interesting because legally Virag is their daughter’s mother. She is on her name and if she gets into hospital for example, Nora can do nothing, no matter if she is also her parent. This gave Nora an extra amount of frustration I think and made it even more difficult for her to find her own parental role in the family. This got solved with their moving abroad, they are officially married now and because they live under a more liberal government this issue became non-existent.
Has the family seen the film yet – how are they doing now? Are you still in contact?
We stayed in close contact with the family, they are doing very well, it seems they all found home in their new country. Virág loved the film after watching it but Nóra was quite shocked when she learned that she became the main character. She needed to watch it another time and talk about it a lot, to accept it. After their daughter watched the film and started to talk about memories of her early ages she never mentioned before, Nóra learned to be happy about the film as well, luckily.
And for their daughter’s “arriving home” anniversary they screened it again to her. We really hope it will become an annual habit.
Will the film be shown in Hungary or was it already shown there?
The Hungarian premier is being delayed due to covid, we really would love to have physical screenings. From March on HBO and HBO GO will show the film.
At the end, can you tell a bit more about yourselves – how did you come together as a film team and how did you divide the work while shooting?
Asia: We both graduated as docu directors at the Hungarian film school, me at Docnomads, Sári at the Hungarian MA programme. We made several projects together and found understanding in essential questions in filming so we went on and directed our first film together. Sári did sound and I did camera, but everything else we did evenly together. During the filming it was the two of us, but later on we found an amazing and supporting team: Sára László, Marcell Gerő and Noémi Veronika Szakonyi as producers, Flóra Erdélyi the editor and the sound post production team from 4CUT: Rudolf Várhegyi, Tamás Bohács and Márk Puszta.
Sári: Of course the two directors’ situation had challenging times but mostly it was very practical and helped a lot for us. Especially in a film where we were working without any funding for over three years. We really needed to support each other and when one of us was down the other always pulled her back up. Also it was really ideal that we are a small, two women crew, it helped us to film the very everyday moments of Virag and Nora’s family.
Are there already new projects planned – together or separately?
Asia: We both have a next project separately. I’m filming about a successful, middle aged man who had pancreatic cancer and now is finding his ways to go on with his life. Another long term project is about a mother and her daughter who are living in difficult circumstances and are forced to move all the time. I’ve been filming since 2012 and will finish when the daughter turns 18. The film is part of my doctoral studies.
Sári: I’m working on a personal film where I am in a double role, both as a director and a character. It is about my family: my brother, my father, my cousin and me. Since the death of my mother, I felt obliged to fulfil her role in the family but I need to change that now. The film follows how we all deal with this.
I’m also doing my doctoral studies researching how participatory video can affect our social relations – focusing on underprivileged children and youngsters.
Questions asked by Doreen Matthei
Read on the german review of the film “Her Mothers“